Taking the First Step :: essays papers

Taking the First Step On January 27, 1998, in his State of the Union Address, President Clinton proposed an idea that would immediately spawn a national debate. The goal that President Clinton sought was to reduce class size in grades 1-3, nationwide, to an average of 18 students per class. The president’s plan was to provide enough funds to school districts so that an additional 100,000 teachers could be hired. Throughout the rest of his proposal President Clinton covered every other questionable aspect of this plan. Realizing that new schools and classrooms would have to be built, President Clinton called for a school construction tax cut (Clinton 1998). President Clinton was very adamant about his proposition. However, there were, and still are, those that cannot and will not look past the money issue. Building new buildings and hiring new teachers, among many other changes to be made, will be extremely costly. Many critics have asked why the President’s proposed money cannot be spent on programs to better the school systems, rather than on completely rebuilding them. Case Studies Many studies have been conducted in school districts throughout the country, all of which have experimented with different class size reduction (CSR) techniques to determine whether or not President Clinton’s goal can be achieved. According to the April Press Release of the 2001 Legislative Session for the state of Maryland, the General Assembly, along with Governors Parris N. Glendening and Kathleen Kennedy Townsend, have instituted a record amount of investment projects dealing with education. Among those passed by the General Assembly is an Early Childhood Education initiative in which $19 million will be used to lower class sizes, create all-day Kindergartens, and buy new library and other support materials. This will help to raise standardized test scores later on. In addition, an extra $11 million will be spent on various new Pre-K programs. In 2000, the state of California created a Federal Class Size Reduction Program. The chart/road map that was produced investigated the steps that had to be followed in order to ensure that funds were being used properly, and that all classes, in grades K-3, were reduced. Long before President Clinton’s proposal, states were exploring ways to decrease class sizes. In fact, between the years 1985 and 1989, Tennessee conducted their famous PROJECT STAR (Student/Teacher Achievement Ratio). The study split the K-3 classes into three different class types: small classes, (containing only 13-17 children per teacher), regular classes (containing 22-25 students per teacher), and regular classes with a teacher’s aide who was in the classroom full time.

Psychology Analysis Essay

1. What specifically is studied in the following areas of psychology: developmental psychology, personality, neuroscience, abnormal psychology (deviance), clinical psychology, social psychology, organizational psychology and cognitive psychology? 2. Describe the different fields of sociology in terms of their focus and purpose: demography, criminology, gender studies. 3. What are the four distinguishable fields of anthropological research? Describe each field of research and what cultural phenomena each seeks to research? 4. Applying your understanding of the different fields of Social Science research, how would each of the three different areas of the Social Sciences research the following topics: violence in the stands at a soccer match; the desire to seek close loving relationships; and the function of Canadian correctional facilities. Select one of the examples and write what is central to each Social Science approach and the questions a sociologist, psychologist and an anthropologist may pose to better understand this topic. 1. Developmental Psychology: Developmental psychology is the scientific study of changes that occur in human beings over the course of their life. Personality: Personality psychology is a branch of psychology that studies personality and its variation between individuals Neuroscience Psychology: Neuroscience is the scientific study of the nervous system. Abnormal Psychology(deviance): Abnormal psychology is the branch of psychology that studies unusual patterns of behavior, emotion and thought, which may or may not be understood as precipitating a mental disorder. Clinical Psychology: the branch of psychology concerned with the assessment and treatment of mental illness and disability Social Psychology: the branch of psychology that deals with social interactions, including their origins and their effects on the individual. Organizational Psychology: is the scientific study of human behavior in the workplace and applies psychological theories and principles to organizations. Cognitive Psychology: Cognitive psychology is a sub discipline of psychology exploring internal mental processes. It is the study of how people perceive, remember, think, speak, and solve problems. 2. Demography: It is the statistical study of the human population. Criminology: The study of crime and criminals. Gender Studies: This is the study of women studies, men studies, and the lgbt  studies. 3. The 4 distinguishable fields of anthropological research are biological anthropology, cultural anthropology, linguistic anthropology, and archaeology. Biological Anthropology:(other known as physical anthropology) is a scientific discipline in which research is concerned with the biological and behavioral variation of human beings, other non-human primates, and extinct hominin ancestors of the human species. Cultural Anthropology: focused on the study of cultural variation among humans and is in contrast to social anthropology which perceives cultural variation as a subset of the anthropological constant. Linguistic Anthropology: is the interdisciplinary study of how language influences social life. Archaeology: The systematic study of past human life and culture by the recovery and examination of remaining material evidence, such as graves, buildings, tools, and pottery.

The Revolution of 1688 - 801 Words

The Glorious Revolution, also known as the Revolution of 1688, refers to the events of 1688-1689. These events eventually led to the overthrow of Catholic King James II and the ascension (of William III and Mary II) to the English throne. These events also produced a significant shift in the relationship between the monarchy and parliament. This paper will discuss the overthrow of King James II, the rebellion and revolt and the consequences as well as the global effects of the Revolution in order to explain the importance of this event in world history. James II, king of England from 1685-1688, inherited a very strong position when he came to power. When James II first came to the throne, he was not very well liked in the eyes of the people of Great Britain, simply because he was a Roman Catholic King to an overwhelmingly Protestant nation. Like most politicians, James made promises to protect the peoples personal beliefs. At the beginning of his reign, James had promised to respe ct his subject’s rights and liberties and protect the Protestant establishment in the church. Despite these promises, James decided to advance the Catholic tenets over the protestants. He did this by issuing dispensations to Catholics including the Test Act of 1673, promoting the public celebration of mass, forcing the universities to admit Catholics, issued a Declaration of Indulgences and also engaged a campaign to pack Parliament so that he would be able to establish Catholic tolerance byShow MoreRelatedThe Glorious Revolution in England of 16881567 Words   |  7 PagesThe Glorious Revolution in England of 1688 James II succession to the throne of England came without protest of any kind. James II was the son of Charles I and younger brother to Charles II. In January of 1649, Charles I, King of England, went on trial and was convicted as a Tyrant, Traitor, Murderer, and public enemy to the good people of this nation. (Cannon, pg. 385) On 7 February 1649, Charles II was proclaimed King of Great Britain. While Charles II was in office, he began to developRead More The Glorious Revolution of 1688 Essay1498 Words   |  6 PagesThe Glorious Revolution of 1688 The theme of â€Å"autonomy and responsibility† is prevalent in many major wars of revolution throughout the history of the world and especially in the events that occurred in England during the seventeenth century. Autonomy is defined as self-government and existing or functioning independently. Responsibility is having obligations or duties to something and being able to distinguish between right and wrong. In England, the political leaders drove King James IIRead MoreCauses of the Glorious Revolution 1688-1689 (Religion? Politics?)1768 Words   |  8 PagesIn English history, the events of 1688 to 1689 lead to the deposition of James II and the ascension of William III and Mary II to the English throne. Those events are known as the Glorious Revolution. In the origins and outcome of the Glorious Revolution, religion plays a significant role, however; politics also had a key role to play. In 17th Century England, religion and politics came close to being a single entity. Religion played a major role in the decisions made in the courts and parliamentRead MoreEssay about Absolutism vs. Constitutional Monarchy1360 Words   |  6 Pagesextensive powers. English citizens seen James II actions similar to Louis XIV’s of France. Eventually James II would be invaded by his nephew William III of Orange, and James II fled and the Glorious Revolution of 1688 began. The Glorious Revolution of 1688 brought on many changes to England. The revolution ended when the English Bill of Rights of 1689. â€Å"In fact, the English Bill of Rights was a major influence among the American colonists in drafting their Declaration of Independence in 1776.† Read MoreHegels Contradiction in Human History Essay1243 Words   |  5 Pages Ideologies are born as human’s interpretation of the world and belief system, also an endeavor to seek the truth of human nature. Ideologies emerge throughout the periods of great changes: the Enlightenment, the English â€Å"Glorious† Revolution, the American Revolution, etc. They have become the motivations, the standards, and the roots to modern political systems. Their roots are the philosophies developed by famous philosophers throughout the time. However, as each ideology is developed, its ownRead MoreAnalysis of the Works of Thomas Babington Macaulay and George Bancroft 638 Words   |  3 PagesHis torian and The Revolution of 1688 with a nationalistic approach. While Bancroft, writes History of the United States of America from the Discovery of the Continent, with almost the same nationalistic themes as Macaulay does. After reading their works, I believe they are nationalistic and are not works of history, and they missed an opportunity to present scholarly work. Thomas Macaulay is an English historian who writes about early English history and The Revolution of 1688. In the beginningRead MoreBritain : The Glorious Revolution865 Words   |  4 PagesBritain: Overview 1688 – 1918 From 1688 to 1918, the British Empire was formed. At its peak, it was the largest empire in history. With 59 territories ranging from Egypt to Canada, it held sway over 14 million people. It was â€Å"the empire on which the sun never sets,† for the sun was always shining on at least one of its many territories. Britain was known as the â€Å"workshop of the world,† with a rise in population, wealth, inventions, and much more. In 1688, Britain was invaded by the Dutch PrinceRead MoreJohn Locke, a British Philosopher, Studied the Knowledge of the Human Mind635 Words   |  3 PagesShaftesbury) led him to become successively a government official charged with collecting information about trade and colonies, economic writer, opposition political activist, and finally a revolutionary whose cause ultimately triumphed in the Glorious Revolution of 1688. Among Lockes political works he is most famous for The Second Treatise of Government in which he argues that sovereignty resides in the people and explains the nature of legitimate government in terms of natural rights and the social contractRead MoreImportant Factors Leading to Industrial Revolution1606 Words   |  7 PagesNowadays, it is almost taken for granted that the industrial revolutions are the result of changing technology and the proper application of that in the industrial production. However, from my point of view, these two factors did play a vital role in stimulating industrial revolutions, but they were not the only catalyzer propelling monumental development in industry. Influentially, the improvements in organizations of politics, social patterns, commerce, finance, and transportation alsoRead MoreThe Glorious Revolution670 Words   |  3 PagesThe Glorious Revolution was primarily completed when King James II of England was overthrown due to the mutiny of selected English Parliamentarians. The revolution was completed under the leadership of William III of Orange-Nassau from Denmark. The primary reason for the need of this revolution was King James religious policies in the mid-1680s. His approach was receiving severe opposition from the leaders involved in his government as well as neighbouring governments. The main concern for most